This cascade of events was not totally unexpected because the part of the island above water was clearly visible and was being monitored. The resulting tsunami killed more than 430 people in nearby coastal areas of Java and Sumatra it also injured 14,000 people and displaced 33,000. For example, after several months of growth, a large sector of the south flank of Anak Krakatau, a volcanic island situated in the Sunda Strait of Indonesia, suddenly collapsed into the sea on 22 December 2018. Volcanoes that breach the sea surface often provide clues to impending eruptions, and the events during and after eruptions demonstrate the hazards that marine volcanoes can pose to communities nearby. My colleagues and I eventually traced the source of the pumice raft to a submarine volcano referred to as “Volcano F” using a combination of satellite and seismic data (Figure 1), demonstrating remote sensing’s potential for locating and monitoring underwater volcanoes. This visible evidence of an underwater volcanic eruption was borne out by seismic measurements, but conditions were less than ideal for using seismic sensors to precisely locate the source of the eruption. In August 2019, news media reported a new pumice raft floating in the territorial waters of the South Pacific island kingdom of Tonga. ![]() ![]() Bringing Satellite Observations Down to Earth
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |